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The Effects Of Dynamite Fishing Along The Eastern Coast Of Africa

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What Is Dynamite Fishing?

 

Began in the 1960s, was brought under control in the 1990s but has surged in recent years. 25% of all marine species are associated with coral reefs. A 32 year old fisherman states ''blast fishing destroys the fish habitats under water where fish reproduce and that has had a big impact, especially on us who use ring nets to fish." "The number of fish has drastically reduced we are not able to catch many fish like before.” Tanzania is the only country in Africa where dynamite or blast fishing still occurs on a large scale, according to Smart Fish, a fisheries program funded by the European Union. Although it is illegal, it occurs along the entire Tanzanian coastline, from Mtwara to Tanga, and off nearby islands. There have also been reports of blast fishing off north Zanzibar.

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Why Is it Being Done?
 

Each time blast fishing occurs, around 400kg of fish die, which leads to about a profit of $1800. This is the main reason why fishermen resort to this solution. A homemade beer bottle bomb on average contains 1 kilogram or 35 ounces of explosive material which will leave a crater approximately 2 meters in diameter on the sea bed/coral reef. This small-scale bomb will kill 50% to 80% of the coral within that crater. Even though the Tanzanian government is finding it very hard to catch these criminals, other organizations like SmartFish are helping to end it. SmartFish has helped the government confiscate 300kg of explosives, impound 50 fishing vessels and prosecute five major cases of illegal fishing from 2012 to 2014.

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Interesting Facts
 

The East African coast supports rich wildlife populations of which 60-70% are found only in the Indo-Pacific and 15% are found nowhere else in the world. 

This includes:

  • - 3,000 species of molluscs

  • - 1,500 species of fish

  • - 1,000 species of seaweed

  • - 300 species of crabs

  • - 200 coral species

  • - 100 species of sea cucumbers

  • - 50 species of starfish

  • - 35 species of marine mammals

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